Background: In the recent movie Enough starring Jennifer Lopez a woman who is the victim of assault by her husband fights back and uses physical violence to kill her abuser. The theme of the violent woman grows out of a patriarchal culture that privileges violence above most other things. Some popular culture ads feature situations of women inflicting violence on men, others features woman on woman violence.

Focus on the Ads: How do the following ads create a psychological construction of patriarchy in the bodies and actions of women? Have you know any women who enact patriarchal norms in their own lives?

Why? How to Read Reaction to Ads Controversy Constructions Male Gaze Male Sex Violence Against Men Male Ads Male is Culture Phallic Male Fantasy Homophobia Male Normalization Man as Hero Men in Control Roles Normalization Exotics Women of Color Exotics Surreal Exotics General Difficult Femininity Dolls Naggers Body = Tool Nymphomania Male Objects No Subject Body Parts Becoming Objects Sex Objects Contorted No Product Connection More Body Parts Dehumanization Women as Stupid Women Consumers Women = Nature Only the Body Political Violent Women Faux Power Wet Women Reductionism Body as Landscape Captured Legs as Framing Violence Against Women Women and Fear Death Relationships Sexual Violence Competition Faux Lesbianism Linguistic Violence Constructions of Marriage U.S. Values Global Ads Social Class Ads Kids and Ads Ageism Video Games Advertisers Response Man Show Maxim Side by Side Mock Ads Progressive Ads New Constructions Social Change Bibliography Links Action Hall of Shame

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