VI. Stability and Cloud formation

1. basics - assumes little or no mixing with surrounding air
   1. warm air rises
   2. expands
   3. cools
   4. (maybe condensation)
2. dry adiabatic rate - no condensation - up to condensation level where temperature reaches the temperature of saturation (Fig. 4-13)
   1. 10 C per 1000m
   2. 5.5 F per 1000 ft
3. wetadiabatic rate (variable rates) (Fig. 4-14)
   1. condensation occurs (warming process) - adds heat, still cools but more slowly
   2. 6 C per 1000 m
   3. 3.3 F per 1000 ft

1. surface heating and convection
   1. thermal rises
   2. expands, cools, condenses
   3. forms cumulus cloud
2. orographic lifting
   1. rain shadow
   2. lenticular clouds
3. convergence of air
4. fronts