IX. Paleozoic World

1. basics
   1. transgression
   2. regression
   3. unconformity
2. Sauk sequence (latest pC - early Ordovician)
   1. overlies "Great Nonconformity"
   2. Transcontinental Arch (fig. 21.6)
3. Tippecanoe sequence (mid-Ordovician - early Dev)
   1. very high sea level
   2. first well developed reefs
   3. Michigan Basin (fig. 21.9 & 21.10 & 21.11)
      • barrier reefs
      • evaporite minerals
4. Kaskaskia sequence (late Dev. - early Miss.)
   1. black shale (fig. 21.15)
   2. carbonates
5. Absaroka (late Miss - early Jurassic?)
   1. cyclothems
   2. coal (fig. 21.19)
   3. reefs and evaporites

1. Amalgamation of Pangaea - closing of Iapetus Ocean
   1. Taconic - (fig. 21.26) - not a real collision event
      • sudbduction zone
      • mid-Ord
      • Taconic highlands/Queenston Delta
   2. Caledonian (European name)
      • Baltica and Laurentia collide to form Laurasia
      • Ordovician -early Dev (fig. 21.25)
      • Old Red Sandstone
   3. Acadian orogeny (fig. 21.27) (American name)
      • Baltica and Laurentia collide
      • Devonian
      • collision - Laurasia
   4. Hercynian-Alleghenian
      • collision of Gondwana to eastern Laurasia
      • Miss-Perm
      • southern Appalachians (ancestral Alps)
   5. Ouachita-Marathon (fig. 21.29) - rotation of Gondwana
      • Penn-Perm
      • Evaporites
   6. Uralian
      • collision of Siberia and Kazakhstania
      • Permian
      • final step in amalgamation of Pangaea
   7. Pangaea - Panthalassa
2. Cordillera - western N. America
   1. Antler orogeny (fig. 21.28)
      • Devonian
      • accrete Klamath island arc
   2. ancestral Rockies
      • Pennsylvanian
      • high angle faults
   3. Sonoma orogeny
      • Permian-Triassic
      • another island arc